卧薪尝胆的故事全文及翻译 卧薪尝胆的故事完整版

卧薪尝胆的故事全文及翻译

在中国古代，有一位名叫勾践的君主，他的故事传颂千古，被后人称为“卧薪尝胆”。这个故事讲述了勾践如何在国破家亡的困境中，坚持复仇，最终成功复国的传奇经历。以下是这个故事的全文及翻译。

原文：

越王勾践，其先，禹之苗裔，而夏后帝少康之庶子也。封于会稽，称越王。越王勾践，其志在复仇，日夜思之，欲报吴仇。吴王夫差，以越为臣，越王勾践不敢逆命，悉以其国财宝献之吴，以求和。

吴王夫差大喜，遂纳之。越王勾践遂服事吴王，为仆夫。吴王夫差欲知越王勾践之情，乃赐之以酒，令其饮之。越王勾践知吴王夫差之意，饮而不醉，曰：“臣所以饮者，非敢自乐，愿以酒祭我君之仇。”吴王夫差大惊，乃知越王勾践之志不可夺。

越王勾践于是归国，发愤图强，卧薪尝胆。其臣范蠡进言曰：“越王，臣闻之，国之兴，在贤君；国之亡，在无道。今吴王夫差无道，越王宜早图之。”越王勾践曰：“吾欲复仇，然吴王尚强，吾不敢轻举妄动。”

范蠡曰：“臣有一计，越王可听之。越王当厚待吴王，使其深信越国无他意，然后越王可以伺机复仇。”越王勾践从之，遂厚待吴王，吴王亦深信越国。

数年后，吴王夫差伐齐，越王勾践趁机举兵伐吴。吴王夫差大败，退守于姑苏。越王勾践遂围姑苏，吴王夫差求和，越王勾践不许。

吴王夫差绝望，遂自刎于姑苏。越王勾践遂灭吴，报仇雪恨。

翻译：

King Goujian of Yue, descended from Yu, a descendant of the Xia Dynasty, and the son of the younger son of Emperor Shaocong of the Xia Dynasty. He was enfeoffed in Kuaiji and became known as the King of Yue. King Goujian of Yue, his ambition was for revenge, he thought about it day and night, wanting to avenge the grievances of the state. King Fu Chai of Wu made Yue his subject, King Goujian of Yue dared not defy the order and offered all the wealth and treasures of his country to Wu, seeking peace.

King Fu Chai was overjoyed and accepted the offer. King Goujian of Yue then served King Fu Chai as a servant. King Fu Chai wanted to know the true feelings of King Goujian of Yue, so he gave him wine and ordered him to drink. King Goujian of Yue knew the intentions of King Fu Chai and drank without getting drunk, saying, "I drink this wine not out of self-indulgence, but to offer it in memory of my lord's enemy." King Fu Chai was greatly startled and realized that King Goujian of Yue's resolve could not be shaken.

King Goujian of Yue then returned to his country, determined to strengthen himself, and lived in poverty and tasted bile. His minister Fan Li advised, "Your Majesty, I have heard it said that a country prospers under a wise ruler and perishes under an unrighteous one. Now King Fu Chai of Wu is unrighteous, Your Majesty should make plans for revenge early." King Goujian of Yue said, "I want to avenge my grievances, but King Fu Chai is still strong, I dare not act lightly."

Fan Li said, "I have a plan, Your Majesty may listen to it. Your Majesty should treat King Fu Chai generously, make him deeply believe that there are no other intentions in Yue, and then Your Majesty can take advantage of the opportunity to avenge the grievances." King Goujian of Yue agreed and thus treated King Fu Chai generously, and King Fu Chai also deeply believed in the sincerity of Yue.

After several years, King Fu Chai attacked Qi, and King Goujian of Yue took the opportunity to attack Wu. King Fu Chai was defeated and retreated to Gusu. King Goujian of Yue then surrounded Gusu, and King Fu Chai sought peace, but King Goujian of Yue would not agree.

Desperate, King Fu Chai committed suicide in Gusu. King Goujian of Yue then destroyed Wu and avenged the grievances.